... And I Am Pleasantly Bewildered

From the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sophismata/):

Sophisma-Sentences

There are several important characteristics of sophismata. First of all, a sophisma is a sentence rather than an argument. In particular, a sophisma is a sentence that either:

1. is odd or has odd consequences,
2. is ambiguous, and can be true or false according to the interpretation we give it, or
3. has nothing special about it in itself, but becomes puzzling when it occurs in a definite context (or “case,” casus).

Here are some some examples of kind (1), sentences that are odd or have odd consequences:

This donkey is your father.
A chimaera is a chimaera.

As examples of kind (2), ambiguous sentences that can be true or false according to the interpretation given to them, consider:

All the apostles are twelve.
The infinite are finite.
Every man is of necessity an animal.

As an example of kind (3), sentences that have nothing special about them in themselves, but that become puzzling when they occur in a definite context (“case,” casus), consider:

The sentence ‘Socrates says something false’, in the case where Socrates says nothing other than ‘Socrates says something false’.

(This is paradoxical, and is one of the forms the Liar paradox can take.)